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- In some cultures, older people are highly respected, whereas others value youth more. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
SOLUTION
In many societies, attitudes towards age differ widely. While some cultures give great respect to the elderly, others seem to value youth more. Both perspectives have their merits, and India offers examples of both.
On one hand, older people are often regarded as sources of wisdom and guidance. In traditional Indian families, for instance, grandparents play an important role in decision-making, childcare, and passing on cultural values. Their life experiences are considered valuable for solving problems and maintaining family unity. Respecting elders is also deeply rooted in Indian traditions such as touching the feet of seniors as a sign of reverence. In such contexts, age is associated with wisdom, patience, and authority.
On the other hand, modern societies, especially in urban India, tend to give greater importance to youth. With the rapid growth of technology and start-ups, young people are seen as more adaptable, energetic, and innovative. Companies often prefer hiring younger candidates who can keep pace with change. In fields like entertainment, fashion, and sports, youth is celebrated for its creativity, attractiveness, and vitality. In fact, many youngsters in India are now becoming role models for older generations through entrepreneurship and social media influence.
In my opinion, both age groups deserve recognition for their unique strengths. While elders provide stability, cultural continuity, and wisdom, young people bring fresh ideas and energy. A balanced approach, where the old and the young complement each other, can create a more harmonious and progressive society.
(Word Count: 268) - In every country, there are laws governing driving to ensure road safety. Some people, however, still break these laws, such as by speeding or using mobile phones while driving. What are the reasons for this? What measures could help solve this problem?
SOLUTION
Road safety is a major concern worldwide, and every country has strict driving laws to prevent accidents. Yet, many people continue to break these rules, by speeding or using mobile phones while driving. There are several reasons behind such behaviour, and a number of measures can help tackle it.
One important reason is impatience. In cities like Delhi or Mumbai, heavy traffic often frustrates drivers, leading them to overspeed whenever the road seems clear. Another factor is distraction. Many people in India use mobile phones while driving to attend urgent work calls or check navigation, ignoring the risks. Furthermore, some drivers have a casual attitude towards rules, believing that they will not get caught. Weak enforcement in certain areas also encourages them to take chances. For example, in smaller towns, traffic police presence is often minimal, making it easier for drivers to break laws.
To address this, both strict enforcement and public awareness are needed. Heavier fines and the use of technology, such as speed cameras and automatic challan systems, can act as strong deterrents. In India, initiatives like e-challans have already shown positive results in some states. Alongside this, awareness campaigns highlighting the dangers of reckless driving can influence behaviour, especially among young drivers. Road safety education in schools and stricter driving tests could also ensure that people take traffic rules seriously from an early age.
In conclusion, drivers break road safety laws due to impatience, distractions, and weak enforcement. By combining strict legal action with better education and awareness, countries like India can significantly reduce dangerous driving practices.
(Word Count: 267) - Some people believe that students at school and university learn more effectively from formal education than from other online sources. Do you agree or disagree?
SOLUTION
Education today is available in many forms, ranging from traditional classrooms to online platforms. Some people argue that students learn more effectively through formal education than from online sources. I largely agree with this view, although online learning also has its advantages.
Formal education in schools and universities offers structured learning, experienced teachers, and peer interaction. In India, for example, classroom teaching not only focuses on academic knowledge but also helps students develop discipline, teamwork, and communication skills. University professors provide guidance, clarify doubts, and evaluate performance through assignments and exams, which makes learning more systematic. Moreover, the physical environment of classrooms encourages focus and reduces distractions compared to online platforms.
However, online sources have grown rapidly in recent years. Websites, mobile apps, and platforms such as BYJU’s or Coursera provide students with flexibility and access to global content. Many Indian students preparing for competitive exams rely on online lectures and test series. Online learning can also supplement classroom teaching by offering extra practice and different perspectives. Yet, it often lacks personal guidance, accountability, and direct interaction, which may reduce its effectiveness for many learners.
In my opinion, while online education is a useful tool, formal education remains more effective overall. The structured curriculum, regular assessments, and personal connection with teachers ensure deeper understanding and long-term development. A blended model, where online resources complement classroom teaching, can provide the best results for modern students.
(Word Count: 266) - While some people believe that the greatest benefit of increased international cooperation is environmental protection, others think that the main benefit should be global business. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
SOLUTION
In today’s interconnected world, international cooperation has become essential in tackling global challenges. While some people argue that the greatest benefit of such cooperation is environmental protection, others believe that global business should be the main focus. Both views have strong arguments.
On one hand, environmental protection requires collective action. Climate change, deforestation, and pollution do not respect national boundaries, and no country can solve these problems alone. For instance, India has partnered with many nations through the Paris Agreement and initiatives like the International Solar Alliance to promote renewable energy. These collaborations help reduce carbon emissions and protect natural resources for future generations. Without international cooperation, such large-scale environmental goals would be almost impossible to achieve.
On the other hand, global business is also a key outcome of international partnerships. Free trade agreements, foreign investments, and technological exchanges create jobs and economic growth. In India, international cooperation has led to the expansion of sectors such as IT, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing. For example, collaborations with foreign companies have provided Indian youth with employment opportunities and exposure to global markets. Strong business ties not only benefit economies but also foster cultural exchange and mutual understanding among nations.
In my opinion, both aspects are equally important, but environmental protection should take priority. Economic growth is meaningless if the planet becomes uninhabitable. A balanced approach is needed, where countries promote business while ensuring that it is environmentally sustainable. International cooperation should therefore aim to integrate both goals for long-term prosperity.
(Word Count: 269) - Some believe that young people under 18 who commit a crime should receive education rather than punishment. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
SOLUTION
Crime among young people is a sensitive issue, and opinions differ on how offenders under 18 should be treated. Some argue that they deserve education instead of punishment. I strongly agree with this view, as education can reform young offenders more effectively than strict penalties.
Firstly, children and teenagers often commit crimes due to lack of guidance, peer pressure, or difficult family backgrounds. In India, for example, some minors are pushed into theft or drug-related activities because of poverty and limited access to schooling. Punishing them severely, such as sending them to jail, may expose them to hardened criminals and increase the chances of reoffending. Education, on the other hand, can provide them with skills, values, and opportunities to build a better future.
Secondly, young people are still in the process of developing their sense of right and wrong. Rehabilitation through counselling, vocational training, and regular schooling can help them reintegrate into society. Countries that focus on juvenile education programs have shown lower crime rates among youth compared to those that rely mainly on punishment. In India too, juvenile reform homes aim to provide both education and character-building activities, with the goal of turning offenders into responsible citizens.
In my opinion, while some form of discipline is necessary to make minors aware of the seriousness of their actions, the emphasis should be on education and rehabilitation. This approach not only benefits the individual but also contributes to a safer and more progressive society.
(Word Count: 266) - Some people enjoy spending time with their colleagues outside of work, while others prefer to keep their personal and professional lives separate. Discuss both views.
SOLUTION
In modern workplaces, relationships among colleagues play an important role in job satisfaction and productivity. While some people enjoy spending time with colleagues outside of work, others prefer to separate their personal and professional lives. Both perspectives have valid reasons.
On one hand, socialising with colleagues outside office hours can strengthen bonds and improve teamwork. When people share meals, attend family events, or go on trips together, they develop trust and understanding. In India, many companies encourage team outings or festival celebrations because these activities create a friendly environment that later translates into better cooperation at work. For young professionals who have moved away from their hometowns, colleagues often become their closest social circle, providing both emotional support and a sense of belonging.
On the other hand, some individuals prefer to keep work and personal life separate. They believe that spending too much time with colleagues may blur boundaries and lead to unnecessary interference in private matters. For instance, in Indian metropolitan cities where work pressure is already high, employees may value their evenings or weekends as family time. Maintaining distance also helps avoid potential conflicts that might arise if personal disagreements affect professional relationships. Moreover, some people simply enjoy having different social circles beyond their workplace.
In my opinion, a balanced approach is best. Building friendly relations with colleagues is useful for a positive work atmosphere, but it should not come at the cost of one’s privacy or personal time. Choosing when and how to socialise allows professionals to enjoy both meaningful work relationships and a healthy personal life.
(Word Count: 269) - Some people argue that governments should focus on domestic matters, while others believe that addressing global issues is more important. Discuss both views.
SOLUTION
Governments today face the challenge of balancing national priorities with global responsibilities. While some argue that domestic issues should be the main focus, others believe that international cooperation on global problems is more important. Both views have merit and deserve discussion.
On one hand, governments are primarily responsible for the well-being of their citizens. Domestic matters such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, and employment directly affect people’s daily lives. In India, for example, improving public health facilities and reducing unemployment are pressing concerns that demand immediate attention. Citizens expect their taxes to be used for local development rather than international commitments. Focusing on internal matters also ensures political stability, which is essential for long-term growth.
On the other hand, global issues like climate change, pandemics, and terrorism cannot be solved by one nation alone. For instance, during the COVID-19 crisis, international cooperation was crucial for vaccine development and distribution. Similarly, India’s participation in climate agreements and renewable energy collaborations demonstrates how global partnerships can also benefit domestic progress. Addressing global issues often has a direct impact at home; for example, reducing carbon emissions worldwide helps India tackle rising air pollution and extreme weather.
In my opinion, governments must strike a balance. Domestic development should remain a priority, as it builds the foundation of a strong nation. However, ignoring global issues is short-sighted, since international problems eventually affect local communities. A combined approach, where governments address internal needs while contributing to global solutions, is the most effective way forward.
(Word Count: 270) - Some people believe that public transport should be funded by the government so that it is free for users. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
SOLUTION
Public transport plays a vital role in modern cities by reducing traffic congestion and pollution. Some people argue that it should be fully funded by the government and made free for users. I partly agree with this view, but I believe a balanced approach is more practical.
On one hand, free public transport could encourage more people to use buses, metros, and trains instead of private vehicles. This would reduce air pollution, road accidents, and traffic jams, which are major concerns in Indian cities like Delhi and Bengaluru. It would also make transportation accessible to poorer sections of society, ensuring that everyone can travel to work, school, or hospitals without financial burden. In this sense, government-funded public transport could promote equality and sustainability.
On the other hand, making transport completely free has drawbacks. It would require huge government spending, which may not be realistic for a developing country like India where funds are also needed for healthcare, education, and rural development. Moreover, free services sometimes lead to misuse or overcrowding, reducing efficiency. A better option might be subsidised fares rather than making them entirely free. For instance, India’s metro systems already offer affordable passes and concessions for students and senior citizens, which strike a balance between accessibility and financial sustainability.
In my opinion, while free transport has clear environmental and social benefits, it is not always financially practical. Governments should focus on heavily subsidising fares, improving quality, and expanding networks so that public transport remains affordable, efficient, and widely used.
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- Nowadays, people are exposed to a large number of advertisements. Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?
SOLUTION
In the modern world, advertisements are everywhere, from television and newspapers to social media and roadside billboards. While advertising has both positive and negative effects, I believe its disadvantages often outweigh the benefits.
On the positive side, advertisements provide useful information to consumers. They help people compare products, discover new services, and make informed decisions. In India, for example, advertisements about government schemes such as Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao or vaccination drives have successfully reached rural populations, raising awareness on important social issues. Moreover, advertisements support the media industry by generating revenue, which keeps newspapers, television channels, and online platforms affordable for the public.
However, the negative impacts are more significant. Firstly, advertisements often create unnecessary desires by promoting consumerism. People, especially young Indians, are influenced by glamorous ads for luxury brands or fast food, which may not always be good for their finances or health. Secondly, many advertisements exaggerate benefits or mislead customers, such as fairness cream promotions that encourage unrealistic beauty standards. Lastly, constant exposure to ads, especially on digital platforms, can be intrusive and affect mental well-being by encouraging materialistic values.
In my opinion, although advertising can educate and inform, its harmful effects on consumer behaviour, health, and values are more serious. Governments should regulate misleading content, while companies should adopt responsible advertising. Consumers too must develop critical awareness to avoid being misled.
(Word Count: 267) - In many organisations, leadership roles are often held by older people. Some believe that younger people should be given more opportunities to become leaders. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
SOLUTION
In many organisations, leadership positions are typically occupied by older individuals with years of experience. However, some argue that younger people should be offered more chances to become leaders. I believe that while experience is valuable, young professionals also deserve greater opportunities to lead.
Older leaders often bring wisdom, stability, and practical knowledge gained over decades of work. In India, for example, senior leaders in industries such as banking or public administration have guided organisations through economic reforms and crises. Their maturity helps in handling complex negotiations and making balanced decisions. Employees also tend to respect their authority because of their long service and proven track record.
On the other hand, younger leaders bring fresh perspectives, adaptability, and energy. In today’s fast-changing world, especially in fields like technology, start-ups, and digital marketing, young leaders often outperform traditional ones because they are more open to innovation. For instance, many successful Indian start-ups such as Ola and Zomato were founded by young entrepreneurs who showed that age is not a barrier to leadership. Furthermore, younger leaders are often better at understanding the aspirations of the new workforce, which values creativity, flexibility, and inclusivity.
In my opinion, leadership should not be based solely on age. Organisations benefit most when both older and younger leaders are given opportunities according to their strengths. While older leaders provide stability and guidance, younger leaders can drive innovation and adapt quickly to change. A balanced approach that combines experience with fresh ideas is the best way forward.
(Word Count: 268) - Some elderly workers look forward to retirement, but when they retire, they do not feel happy. What are the reasons for this? What can be done to help them enjoy their retirement?
SOLUTION
Retirement is often seen as a period of rest after years of hard work. While many elderly workers eagerly anticipate it, some find themselves unhappy once they stop working. There are several reasons for this, and different measures can help them enjoy their retired life.
One major reason is the sudden loss of purpose. Work gives people identity, routine, and social interaction. In India, for example, government employees spend decades in stable jobs, and once they retire, they may struggle to adjust to an unstructured lifestyle. Financial insecurity is another factor. Although some retirees receive pensions, many others, especially in the unorganised sector, lack savings and worry about medical expenses. Loneliness also plays a role, as modern families are becoming more nuclear, leaving elderly parents with limited companionship.
To address these problems, both governments and families can contribute. Firstly, financial planning and pension schemes should be strengthened so retirees feel secure. India’s Atal Pension Yojana is a good step, but greater awareness is needed. Secondly, retirees can be encouraged to engage in community activities, part-time work, or voluntary services, which restore a sense of purpose. Senior citizen clubs and cultural centres can also provide opportunities for social interaction. Families, too, should play an active role by spending quality time with elders and involving them in household decisions, making them feel valued.
In conclusion, unhappiness after retirement is often due to loss of purpose, financial stress, and loneliness. With better financial planning, social engagement, and family support, elderly people can enjoy a more fulfilling retirement.
(Word Count: 268) - In many countries, modern buildings are changing the character and appearance of towns and cities. Some people believe that countries should protect their cultural identity by insisting that all new buildings be built in a traditional style. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
SOLUTION
Urban landscapes across the world are rapidly changing as modern architecture replaces traditional styles. Some argue that governments should preserve cultural identity by requiring new buildings to follow traditional designs. While I agree that cultural heritage must be protected, I believe it is unrealistic to insist that all new constructions follow traditional styles.
On the one hand, traditional architecture represents history and identity. In India, for example, cities like Jaipur and Varanasi are admired worldwide for their forts, palaces, and temples, which attract millions of tourists every year. If new buildings were designed in harmony with these traditional styles, towns would maintain their cultural charm. This would not only protect heritage but also strengthen national pride and boost tourism.
On the other hand, modern needs often require modern solutions. Urban centres like Bengaluru or Gurugram demand skyscrapers, IT parks, and metro stations that cannot always be built in traditional forms. Restricting construction to historical designs may increase costs, reduce efficiency, and limit technological innovation. Furthermore, many people today prefer modern housing with facilities such as energy efficiency, earthquake resistance, and smart technologies, which are easier to incorporate into contemporary designs.
In my opinion, a balanced approach is best. While heritage zones and historic towns should preserve their traditional architecture, modern cities should allow contemporary styles. However, architects can combine both by blending cultural elements with modern functionality. This way, countries can protect their identity while still moving forward.
(Word Count: 270) - Some people believe that universities should focus on preparing students for success in their personal lives and self-awareness, while others think their main role is to prepare students for success in the workforce. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
SOLUTION
Universities play an essential role in shaping the future of young people. While some believe that their primary focus should be on preparing students for personal growth and self-awareness, others argue that universities exist mainly to train individuals for the job market. Both views are valid and deserve discussion.
On one hand, education should not be limited to professional success. Universities are also responsible for developing well-rounded individuals who can lead fulfilling personal lives. Courses in humanities, ethics, psychology, and arts can help students understand themselves better, manage stress, and build stronger relationships. In India, where young graduates often face pressure from family and society, guidance in self-awareness and life skills can prevent problems such as anxiety and poor decision-making. A university experience that includes extracurricular activities, sports, and cultural festivals also fosters confidence, creativity, and emotional intelligence.
On the other hand, many people see higher education primarily as preparation for employment. With rising competition in India’s job market, students expect universities to provide practical skills, internships, and industry connections. Engineering and management institutes, for example, are judged by their placement records. For many families investing heavily in higher education, career readiness is the most important outcome, as it ensures financial stability and upward mobility.
In my opinion, universities should strike a balance. While preparing students for the workforce is essential, personal development and self-awareness are equally important for long-term success. A graduate who has technical knowledge but lacks confidence or self-understanding may struggle in life. Therefore, the best approach is to combine academic training with holistic development.
(Word Count: 273) - Some people believe that schools should only teach students subjects that are beneficial to their future careers, and therefore, subjects such as music and sports are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
SOLUTION
There is an ongoing debate about whether schools should focus only on career-oriented subjects and exclude areas like music and sports. While practical subjects are undoubtedly important for future employment, I strongly disagree with the view that creative and physical subjects are unimportant.
On the one hand, career-focused education provides students with knowledge and skills required for professional success. In India, subjects like mathematics, science, and computer studies are highly valued because they directly prepare students for competitive exams and job opportunities in fields such as engineering, medicine, and information technology. Parents and schools often emphasise these areas, believing they guarantee financial stability and career growth.
On the other hand, limiting education to only career-related subjects ignores the holistic development of children. Music, arts, and sports contribute to creativity, emotional expression, and teamwork, which are equally important in life. For example, many Indian schools that encourage participation in cricket, debate clubs, or music competitions produce confident students with strong leadership and communication skills. Furthermore, not all students aim for traditional careers; some may wish to become athletes, musicians, or artists, and schools should nurture these talents. Research also shows that physical activities improve concentration and reduce stress, which indirectly helps academic performance.
In my opinion, schools should provide a balanced curriculum that includes both career-oriented subjects and extracurricular fields like music and sports. While technical knowledge builds careers, creative and physical activities build character and resilience, which are essential for long-term success and happiness.
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